How to graft chestnut
Grafting is a commonly used propagation technique in chestnut cultivation, which can improve the resistance and yield of varieties. This article will introduce in detail the methods, time, tools and precautions of chestnut grafting to help growers master this key technology.
1. The best time for chestnut grafting
The best time for chestnut grafting is usually in spring or autumn, and the specific time varies depending on climatic conditions:
| season | time range | Features |
|---|---|---|
| spring | March-April | The sap flows vigorously and the survival rate is high |
| autumn | September-October | The temperature is suitable to avoid high temperatures in summer |
2. Grafting tools and material preparation
The following tools and materials need to be prepared before grafting:
| Tools/Materials | Purpose |
|---|---|
| grafting knife | Cutting rootstock and scion |
| scissors | Prune branches |
| scion | Choose healthy annual branches |
| Rootstock | Usually 2-3 year old seedlings are used |
| grafting membrane | Fixed interface to prevent moisture loss |
3. Common methods of chestnut grafting
There are mainly the following methods for chestnut grafting:
| method | Operation steps | Applicable scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| cleft splicing | 1. Split the rootstock 2-3cm; 2. Cut the scion into wedge shape; 3. Insert the stock and tie it tightly | When the rootstock is thicker |
| Bud grafting | 1. Cut a T-shaped opening on the rootstock; 2. Take the bud piece and insert it; 3. Binding and fixation | summer grafting |
| Plug-in connector | 1. Peel off the bark from the rootstock; 2. Cut the scion diagonally and insert it; 3. Seal and wrap | When the bark peels off easily |
4. Management points after grafting
Post-grafting management directly affects the survival rate. The following matters need to be noted:
| Management items | Specific requirements |
|---|---|
| Check survival | Observe the bud status after 15-20 days |
| unbundle | Untie the new shoots when they reach 30cm. |
| Wipe buds | Remove rootstock sprouts promptly |
| Water and fertilizer | Keep the soil moist and avoid standing water |
5. Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions
You may encounter the following problems during the grafting process:
| question | Reason | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| scion withered | The binding is not tight or water loss | Re-graft and seal |
| Interface mildew | Too much humidity | Treat wounds with antiseptics |
| slow growth | Insufficient nutrients | Topdressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer |
6. Suggestions on variety selection for chestnut grafting
The grafting effects of different varieties of chestnuts vary greatly. The following combinations are recommended:
| Rootstock varieties | scion varieties | Advantages |
|---|---|---|
| solid chestnut | Early harvest in Yanshan | Strong cold resistance |
| Maoli | Zhenan No. 1 | Good drought resistance |
| Triton | Huafeng | The fruit is big |
Through the above systematic grafting technology, the survival rate and quality of chestnuts can be significantly improved. It is recommended that growers choose the appropriate grafting time and method according to local climatic conditions, and do a good job in later management to obtain the best economic benefits.
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